This article explores the prospects for the development of alternative dispute resolution in Uzbekistan. The authors analyze the existing methods of conflict resolution and offer a number of recommendations for improving the system of alternative dispute resolution in the country. The article also discusses the advantages of using alternative dispute resolution methods over traditional court procedures and their potential impact on the development of Uzbekistan's legal system and business environment

The paper examines current issues related to dispute resolution in modern sports. It analyzes the main categories of sports conflicts and the effectiveness of existing mechanisms for their resolution, including the activities of the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS). Based on the study of 30 CAS cases and a survey of 20 experts, key shortcomings of the system have been identified: high procedural costs, lengthy resolution times, and limited accessibility for athletes. Practical measures for improving sports justice are proposed.

Mazkur maqolada mehnat nizolarini hal qilishning protsessual jihatlari xorijiy mamlakatlarning qonunchiligi asosida qiyosiy-huquqiy tahlil qilingan bo‘lib, nizolarni hal qilishning samarali mexanizmlari, nizolashayotgan mehnatga oid munosabatlar yuzasidan taraflarning sudlarga murojaat qilish shartlari, jumladan, nizolarni sudgacha hal qilish mexanizmlari, ixtisoslashtirilgan mehnat sudlari faoliyati chuqur ilmiy tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqot natijalariga ko‘ra, O‘zbekiston qonunchiligida mavjud bo‘lgan me’yoriy-huquqiy asoslar xorijiy tajriba bilan qiyoslangan holda tahlil etilib, milliy tizimni takomillashtirish bo‘yicha amaliy tavsiyalar ishlab chiqilgan.

The article examines the issues of definitions of conciliation -mediation procedure and online dispute resolution. In the science of labor law, the concept of conciliation and mediation has not been adequately developed, which naturally causes problems in the application of the relevant norms of the Labor Code, other regulatory legal acts containing labor law norms, collective agreements, social partnership agreements, and local regulations. Usage of online platforms would have made resolution of collective dispute easier.

This article explores the multifaceted role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the context of international commercial arbitration. It discusses how AI is being integrated at various procedural by both parties and arbitral institutions. The author examines the benefits of AI, such as cost reduction, increased efficiency, and enhanced legal analysis, as well as its challenges, including concerns over transparency ("black box" issues), bias, and legal legitimacy of AI-assisted decisions. Emphasis is placed on the need for ethical frameworks, transparency standards, and human oversight to ensure that technological advancement does not compromise due process or parties' trust in arbitration.

Downscaling, the process of reducing the spatial resolution of an image, is a fundamental task in image processing with applications ranging from multimedia compression to real-time graphics rendering. In this paper, we present the development of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) tailored specifically for downscaling an input image from an 8x8 resolution to a 2x2 resolution.

Ушбу мақолада биометрик идентификация тизимларининг соҳаларидан бири бўлган кафт тасвирларини олишнинг офлайн ва онлайн усули бўйича маълумотлар базалари устида кенг қамровли тадқиқот тақдим этилган бўлиб, унда кафт тасвирини аниқлашни ўзига хос жиҳатлари, офлайн ва онлайн маълумотлар базаларини солиштириш, уларни ютуқлари ва муаммолари кўриб чиқилган. Одатда юқори аниқликдаги тасвирлардан ташкил топган офлайн маълумотлар базалари кафт тасвирини батафсил хусусиятларини аниқлаш имконини беради, бироқ, уларни сақлаш ва ҳисоблаш талаблари юқорилиги туфайли реал вақт иловалар билан ишлаш жараёнида турли мураккабликларни келтириб чиқаради. Шу билан бирга, тасвирни онлайн усулда олиш учун мўлжалланган қурилмалар томонидан шакллантирилган маълумотлар базаларида эса реал вақт режимида таниб олишни таъминлайди, бироқ, бунда кафт тасвирини айрим хусусиятлари йўқолиши мумкин. Ушбу тадқиқот натижалари ишончли, самарали ва кўп қиррали кафт тасвирини аниқлаш тизимларини ишлаб чиқишга сезиларли ҳисса қўшишга қаратилган бўлиб, улардан хавфсизликка мўлжалланган турли дастурларда кенг қўллаш мумкин.

Мазкур мақолада меҳнат низолари характеристикаси ва унинг турлари, Меҳнат низолари бўйича комиссия якка тартибдаги меҳнат низоларини судгача ҳал этувчи орган сифатида унинг хусусиятлари ва комиссия томонидан якка тартибдаги меҳнат низоларини кўриш ҳамда ҳал этишдаги муаммолари кўриб чиқилган. Ушбу турдаги меҳнат низоларини судгача ҳал этиш бўйича ҳуқуқий тизимни такомиллаштириш бўича таклифлар, хорижий мамлакатларнинг меҳнат низоларини судгача ҳал этиш тизими бўйича қиёсий таҳлиллар келтирилган.

This article provides an analysis of amendments in the Law of Uzbekistan on investments and investment activities dated December 25,2019 and its compliance with international investment protection standards. The analysis focuses on key provisions of the law, including investor rights protection, dispute resolution mechanisms, and investment incentives. The article also examines international investment agreements, such as bilateral investment agreements and regional investment agreements to which Uzbekistan has joined, and assesses their impact on the investment environment of the country. country. The findings show that although Uzbekistan's investment law has made significant progress in protecting investors' rights and providing incentives for investment, there are still gaps that need to be filled to compliance with international standards on investment protection.

In today's modern world, a company is an integral part of society. Companies contribute to the prosperity of economies by efficiently and effectively combining human and capital resources. Therefore, effective governance, particularly, effective dispute resolution system is vital for each and every economy.  The dispute resolution comprises, inter alia, corporate disputes arising in or/and connected with corporations. Therefore, it is of importance to answer the question what constitutes corporation as per law. The aim of this article is to interpret the term ‘corporation’ in the light of Uzbek legislation.

International groups (IOs) have traditionally played a pivotal role in preserving peace and resolving conflicts around the world. From the League of Nations to the United Nations, their evolution displays both high aspirations and serious challenges. This article explores how IOs have adapted—or failed to adapt—to the altering nature of conflict. While some agencies have advanced thru new mechanisms and regional cooperation, others face developing criticism for inefficiency, political bias, or erosion of authority. Is their role truely evolving, or are they witnessing a decline in relevance? This paper investigates this tension thru historical case studies, modern examples, and integral analysis.

The digital age has ushered in a new era of commerce, where contractual relationships are no longer bound by physical constraints but extend into the vast and borderless realm of cyberspace. This thesis serves as a call to action, inviting legal scholars, practitioners, and policymakers to engage in a collective examination of choice of law in the digital age. The objective is to harmonize the principles of contract law with the boundless potential of cyberspace, ensuring that the promise of efficient, secure, and just dispute resolution accompanies the growth of digital commerce. In this age of virtual interactions, the choice of law becomes our compass, guiding us toward a landscape where contractual relationships are fortified by fairness and predictability.

The Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PD-4884 dated November 6, 2020, established the introduction of a credit-module system in higher education and its gradual implementation in practice. This system is formed in accordance with international educational standards, in which students will have the opportunity to independently plan their educational paths, develop their interest in science, and acquire independent research skills. This plays an important role in preparing modern knowledge-capable, independent-thinking and initiative-taking specialists. Large-scale reforms are also being carried out in our republic to reform the higher education system, update its content and essence in line with the requirements of the times, and improve the quality of education, and the introduction of this system is recognized as one of the important stages in this direction.

This article discuss the growing trend of notaries taking on a more active role as mediators in legal disputes. The initiative of notaries to act as mediators is increasing due to a variety of factors, such as the rising demand for alternative dispute resolution methods and the unique qualifications that notaries possess. This article will explore the benefits and challenges of notaries serving as mediators, as well as potential implications for the legal profession and society as a whole.

В данной статье рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с проверкой соблюдения трудового законодательства и контролем за его исполнением уполномоченными государственными органами и профсоюзами при досудебном разрешении индивидуальных трудовых споров, а также их значимость и особенности. На основе законодательства Республики Узбекистан и научных доктрин приведены анализы основных методов защиты трудовых прав.

Защита прав потребителей является важной частью правовой системы Узбекистана, основанной на Законе «О защите прав потребителей» и Гражданском кодексе, которые предусматривают ответственность производителей и поставщиков, а также право граждан на возмещение материального и морального ущерба. Однако практическая реализация этих прав осложнена процессуальными трудностями, низкой информированностью и отсутствием эффективных коллективных средств защиты. Сравнение с опытом ЕС и США показывает, что коллективные иски, альтернативное разрешение споров и признание морального ущерба значительно усиливают защиту потребителей. Для совершенствования системы в Узбекистане необходимы реформы, направленные на развитие коллективной защиты, усиление правоприменения и адаптацию к цифровым рынкам, что повысит доверие общества и приблизит систему к международным стандартам.

Статья посвящается анализу применения медиации и арбитража в цифровой экономике Узбекистана, с акцентом на их роль в электронной коммерции. Автор рассматривает важность альтернативного урегулирования споров в укреплении деловых отношений и снижении частоты возникновения споров в онлайн бизнесе. В статье освещается законодательная база, способствующая развитию данных методов в стране. Обсуждается влияние цифровизации на эффективность медиации и арбитража, улучшение доступа к судопроизводству и повышение доверия к электронной коммерции. В статье автор подчеркивает стратегическое значение цифровых инноваций в совершенствовании правовой системы Узбекистана и стимулировании экономического роста в условиях глобализации рынка.

The article examines international legal mechanisms aimed at countering the financing of terrorism as one of the key threats to international security. Particular attention is paid to the main international documents, including the 1999 Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism, UN Resolution No. 1373 (2001) and the FATF recommendations, which became the basis for the development of effective measures to prevent terrorist financing. The key provisions of these documents aimed at criminalizing the financing of terrorism, blocking financial flows and international cooperation in the field of legal assistance and extradition are analyzed. The development of regulatory acts in the post-Soviet space, including the CIS treaties, the Shanghai Convention and measures regulating the control of financial flows, are also considered. The article emphasizes the importance of a coordinated international approach and the need to adapt national legal systems to effectively counter the global terrorist threat.

This article provides an analysis of amendments in the Law of Uzbekistan on investments and investment activities dated December 25,2019 and its compliance with international investment protection standards. The analysis focuses on key provisions of the law, including investor rights protection, dispute resolution mechanisms, and investment incentives. The article also examines international investment agreements, such as bilateral investment agreements and regional investment agreements to which Uzbekistan has joined, and assesses their impact on the investment environment of the country. country. The findings show that although Uzbekistan's investment law has made significant progress in protecting investors' rights and providing incentives for investment, there are still gaps that need to be filled to compliance with international standards on investment protection.

Maqola sport sohasidagi agentlik shartnomalarida taraflarning huquq va majburiyatlariga bag‘ishlangan. Unda sport agentlari, sportchilar va klublar o‘rtasidagi shartnomaviy munosabatlarning huquqiy asoslari, taraflarning asosiy huquq va majburiyatlari, shuningdek, ushbu shartnomalarning xalqaro va milliy qonunchilikka muvofiqligi ko‘rib chiqiladi. Maqolada shartnomalarda ko‘zda tutilgan mas’uliyat, shartlarning shaffofligi, mojarolarni hal qilish mexanizmlari va amaliy muammolar tahlil qilinadi. Bundan tashqari, sport agentlik shartnomalarining samaradorligini oshirish va adolatli munosabatlarni ta’minlash bo‘yicha takliflar beriladi.

В данной статье рассматриваются основные протоколы компьютерных сетей, их функции и роль в сетевой коммуникации. Компьютерные сети стали неотъемлемой частью современной жизни, посредством которых осуществляется обмен информацией, связь и распределение ресурсов. Во введении обсуждается концепция сетевых протоколов, их требования и важность. Основные протоколы — TCP/IP, HTTP, FTP, SMTP и т. д. — подробно объясняются принципы их работы и способы их использования в различных ситуациях. Также обсуждаются преимущества и недостатки каждого протокола. В конце статьи высказываются мысли о будущем развитии сетевых протоколов и влиянии новых технологий. Эта статья является полезным ресурсом для тех, кто занимается компьютерными сетями.

This article explores the concept and practice of peace diplomacy through the dual lenses of International law and Islamic law, focusing particularly on the experience of Uzbekistan. Both International and Islamic legal traditions regard peace as a fundamental objective of human coexistence and interstate relations. While International law institutionalizes peace through mechanisms such as the United Nations Charter, Islamic law embeds peace within its spiritual, moral and juridical framework. Uzbekistan, as a Muslim-majority state and an active participant in the international community, demonstrates a unique synthesis of these traditions through its proactive peace-oriented diplomacy, mediation initiatives and commitment to regional stability. The study concludes that Uzbekistan’s peace diplomacy exemplifies the compatibility of Islamic legal principles with modern international norms.

In the intricate ecosystem of educational institutions, personnel management stands as a cornerstone for fostering an environment conducive to learning and growth. The efficacy with which schools manage their human resources profoundly impacts not only the quality of education but also the overall well-being of students and staff alike. In this article, the diverse methods of personnel management in schools, exploring how recruitment, training, performance appraisal, motivation, communication, and conflict resolution intertwine to shape the educational landscape will be explored.

В статье проанализировано содержание национальных нормативных правовых актов по выявлению и раскрытию преступлений мошенничества и разработаны научно обоснованные предложения и рекомендации.

This article examines the different types of classification of shareholders in the context of corporate disputes, including majority and minority shareholders, as well as common and preferred shareholders. The article also discusses the various methods that can be employed to prevent such disputes, including implementing clear shareholder agreements, effective communication between shareholders and management, and utilizing dispute resolution mechanisms. The article emphasizes the importance of addressing shareholder disputes promptly and fairly to ensure the long-term success and stability of the corporation. To achieve this, the experience of other countries including the UK and Germany are compared from a point of legal view.